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Bulgarian occupation of Rumania

During World War 1 Bulgarian troops occupied the Dobruja district of Rummania and a special overprint was issued for the occupied area.

Between 1916 and 1917 Bulgarian stamps, (of the 1915-1916 definitive series), were overprinted. Many errors of lettering in the overprint are known as well as examples of inverted and doubled overprints.

The Dobruja distict reverted to Rumania on the defeat of the central powers in 1918.


A nickname for the 1858 Moldavian issue which consisted of 27, 54, 81 and 108 parales values. The central feature of their design was a bulls head.


A nickname for Brazils 1843 issue which consisted of 30, 60 and 90 reis values. Their design consisted of a numeral in the centre of an engraved background which resembled a bull's eye.

A west German town which made a temporary issue of four stamps between the 15 March and the 21 May 1946.

This issue was made during a shortage of the numeral series. An official handstamp was struck in violet on greyish gummed paper and the figures of the value were added in manuscript in the centre. The issue consisted of 80, 84, 108 and 140 pfennig values.

The 80pf paid the packet rate, the 84pf the express letter rate with the other two values being for double rate on these services.


A German philatelist and the author of Grosses Lexion der Philatelie.

A delivery company which began operating in Melbourne, (Australia), in 1854.

Brundell & Co., a firm of forwarding agents, arranged for messengers to meet incoming ships, collect parcels and other packages and deliver them immediately to the adressees.

A fee was payable for this service and a special stamp or label was introducted. This stamp was printed in black on green paper and affixed to each item. The stamp was in a large oblong format and was issued imperforate.


The United States goverment printing press, situated in Washington, DC, and responsible for nearly all the US postage stamps since the 1894 definitive series.

Pre-cancelled United States postage stamps produced by the Bureau of engraving and printing.

The cancellation consists of the name of the city and state where the stamps are to be used.

Occasionally the term is also used in connection with Bureau issues, which are the normal postage stamps produced by the bureau.


A hard metal shaft with a handle which is used by an engraver for cutting mettal or wood.

The fineness of the line cut depends on the shape of the shaft and the angle at which the cutting end is sharpened.


See Adams city express

A post office of the Royal Niger Comapany, situated on the Niger river, which used British stamps between 1897 and 1900.

Burutu, which was opened in early 1897, was one of the main offices in the company's territory. The British stamps used there can be identified by the various rubber handstamps which are inscribed 'THE ROYAL NIGER COMPANY CHARTERED AND LIMITED' with the date in the centre.


A principle Persian seaport in the Persian Gulf where the British first established a post office in 1864.

A British consular post which connected Bushire with the British agencies at Shiraz and Ispahan and their legation at Teheran had operated since the 18th century. Early British postal lines in Persia were worked by runners and horsemen. These continued until the Persian goverment inaugurated a weekly post between Bushire and Teheran in 1877.

As there was no post office in Bushire until 1864, early mail from Persia to India, via Bushire, only showed a Bombay arrival handstamp. In 1861, the Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation Company began a steamer service between Bombay and the Gulf. Three years later on the 1 May 1864, a British post office under Bombay's controll was opened in Bushire.

The British India Steam Navigation Company, (which succeeded the earlier company), carried post office mail and parcels between Bombay, Karachi and the Gulf ports. (Including Bushire).


A local post which is thought to have been founded by John A Bush.

The service operated in Brooklyn, New York, (United States of America), between 1848 and 1850. The post used a framed oval handstamp with the inscription in the centre.

Only one example of this is known along with a single example where the handstamp was applied in red on green paper and used as an adhisive stamp.


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