Bed A steel surface in the printing press onto which the printing plate is laid.A bed can be movable, carring the plate to and from the area where ink is applied to where the paper comes into contact with it, printing the impression, or it can be stationary. In these cases the paper is moved to the plate to achieve the same result. Beeching Commerative envelope Printed and published by Beaching in England in 1899. The envelope was produced to commerate the adoption of Imperial penny postage on the 25 December 1898. (Imperial penny postage resulted from discussions at the Westminister Postal Conference in that year.There are two settings of the envelope. The first is 5¼ by 4¼ inches with a pointed flap. This is printed on blue-grey wove paper with the inscriptions 'BEACHINGS' and 'COPYRIGHT'. The second type has an oblong flap and is printed on off-white wove paper. The size and inscriptions remained the same. Bejuma A small Venezuelan town near Valencia in Carabobo State.A local post was established here in 1854. Mail was carried between Bejuma and Valencia, and from there by rail to Porto Cabello.In 1854 the postmaster, on his own initiative, issued two stamps. They were crudly printed in black on yellow paper. The inscription at the base of the stamps read 'FRANCA' and 'DEBE' on the other.These stamps are found on mail upto 1859 when the first Venezuelan issues appeared. It is uncertain if these stamps were used only for local mail or if the postmaster applied them to all mail instead of applying his particular handstamp. Belalp A Swiss village in the Valais Canton, called after the mountain of the same name.It was here that M Kligele, proprietor of the Belalp Hotel issued stamps between 1873 and 1880. Belalp was about 12 miles from the nearest post office at Brigue. Kingele issued the stamps to pay the fee charged on mail taken by porter betwen the hotel and the Brigue post office.In 1873 he issued a 5 rappen stamp which was printed in violet and showed a view of the hotel. These first issues have daggers at the beginning and end of the word 'BELALP'.They were printed by G Cuenod of Vevey in sheets of 35. Examples of these stamps are also known in red and green and these are either reprints or posthumous proofs made by Cuenod.In 1877 Klingele issue another 5 rappen stamp in a similar design. This time there was a star before and after the place name incription. In july 1877, the colour of the stamp was changed to red-brown.In 1880 another 5 rappen stamp was issued with a similar basic design but with an entirely oval framework.These stamps remained in use until 1883 when the Swiss post office took over the hotel's mail service.All the genuine Belalp stamps are imperforate but perforated forgeries exist. Belebey A Russian city in the Ufa district which first issued stamps for the Zemstvo post in 1890.The first stam, a 2 kopeck red, had a numeral design. In 1893 another 2 kopeck stamp was issued in blue. The design on this stamp showed a running fox, taken from the city arms.Between 1895 and 1908, 12 more stamps were issued, all in 1, 2 or 5 kopeck values. All of these values showed the running fox in the centre of the design. Bellars and Davie Compilers of oe of the early English stamp catalogues.The guide was first published in London in 1864. There were two further editions published. Below, Sir George British stamp designer.He was also Secretary of the Order of the Garter and Garter Principle King at Arms, concerned with the maintence of British ceremonial tradition. Bellmen This is a term given to early 18th and 19th century 'postmen' who collected letters by walking around the streets ring a bell to attract attention to their business.A fee of ½ penny was charged for delivery within the London area. The system was introduced by Charles Povey and was surpressed after a few mounths as it infringed on the postmaster general's monopoly. The tradition of bell ringing was maintained however, and bellmen collected letters in London and provincial towns until 1846. Bemrose A perforating system patented in 1854 by W Bemrose and Sons.Bemrose and Sons were booksellers, printers and stationers in Derby, England.The perforating machine consisted of two sets of wheels placed one above the other. One wheel had flat ended pins or small blade protuding from it and the other had holes to match the pins or blades. When the paper was passed between the rolers, which were at first operated by foot pedal, (later by electricity), it was perforated by the pins. (In the case of the blades the paper was rouletted). The number of rows which could be perforated at one time was controlled by the amount of wheels fitted to the machine. A system of spacers were also used to set the distance between the lines of perforation, which had to be adjusted when changing from horizontal to verticial perforations. At certain times two machines were in use, one being set to each size.The Bemrose system was imported in 1865 by Toppan, Carpenter & Co of Philadelphia, (United States), and was used on American stamp issues from that date.In the 1890s the machine was modified to perforate three sides of the stamp at a time. This dispenced with the need to reset the spacers to perforate the sheet in the other direction. Benaders Persian for 'PORTS', this is overprinted on Persian stamps of 1922 to indicate special usage at seaports on the Persian Gulf. The stamps were also surcharged with a new value. 10 chahis on 6 chahis and 1 kran on 12 chahis. Benghazi A city in the Turkisk north African province of the same name.An Italian post office was opened here on the 15 March 1901 to handle the considerable mail and commercial correspondence from the city's large Italian community. At first ordinary Italian stamp were used and examples with the Benghazi postmark of March to July 1901 are rare.This was replaced with the contempory Italian 25c definitive in blue which was overprinted 'BENGASI' and surcharged 1 piastre, (i Turkisk currency). This stamp remained in use until December 1911 when it was superseded by the same denomination from the 1908 series. This stamp was overprinted in a similar manner.As a result of the Italo-Turkisk war, (1911 - 1912), Libya was ceded to Italy. The stamps of Benghazi were superseded in December 1912 by Italian stamps which were overprinted 'LIBIA'. Benjamin, Sarpy and Jeffryes A notorious trio of forgers who became known as the London gang and the bane of the philatelic world in the late 19th century.George Kirke Jeffryes, (who lived in Bow, London), began forging overprints in about 1883, when he was aged 15. He applied bogus surcharges to Columbia issues. He made a 2 centavos value with the surcharge 'DOS Y MEDIO', and soon became known by that nickname in the stamp trade.Alfred Benjamin, (who was originally in buisness with another dealer of extreamly dubious reputation), teamed up with Hippolite Sarpy in 1888. Trading as Benjamin & Sarpy from 1 Cullum Street in east London, the pair made no secret of their outragous forging activities. Their trade card read.'BENJAMIN & SARPY - dealers in all kinds of facsimilies, faked surcharges and postal fiscals - 1 Cullum Street, London EC. - Fakes of all descriptions supplied on the shortest notice'.Jeffryes, the trios engraver, steadily improved te qualityof his forgeries. His most successful effort, the New South Wales 'Sydney View' 1d, sold so well that Benjamin named his own house Sydney View Villa.The London gang caused so much havoc that members of the legitimate stamp trade informed the police of their activities. The Police arrested the trio and they were charged with forging foreign stamps and conspiracy. The gang were tried at the Central Criminal Court between the 11 and the 14 March 1892. Benjamin and Sarpy each recieved a sentance of 6 months hard labour and Jeffryes four months hard labour.On their release Benjamin and Sarpy started trading again from their shop in Cullum Street. This time however the confined their activities to genuine stamps. Avalible for additions If you have additional information to be included please email us using the link below
A bed can be movable, carring the plate to and from the area where ink is applied to where the paper comes into contact with it, printing the impression, or it can be stationary. In these cases the paper is moved to the plate to achieve the same result.
There are two settings of the envelope. The first is 5¼ by 4¼ inches with a pointed flap. This is printed on blue-grey wove paper with the inscriptions 'BEACHINGS' and 'COPYRIGHT'. The second type has an oblong flap and is printed on off-white wove paper. The size and inscriptions remained the same.
A local post was established here in 1854. Mail was carried between Bejuma and Valencia, and from there by rail to Porto Cabello.
In 1854 the postmaster, on his own initiative, issued two stamps. They were crudly printed in black on yellow paper. The inscription at the base of the stamps read 'FRANCA' and 'DEBE' on the other.
These stamps are found on mail upto 1859 when the first Venezuelan issues appeared. It is uncertain if these stamps were used only for local mail or if the postmaster applied them to all mail instead of applying his particular handstamp.
It was here that M Kligele, proprietor of the Belalp Hotel issued stamps between 1873 and 1880. Belalp was about 12 miles from the nearest post office at Brigue. Kingele issued the stamps to pay the fee charged on mail taken by porter betwen the hotel and the Brigue post office.
In 1873 he issued a 5 rappen stamp which was printed in violet and showed a view of the hotel. These first issues have daggers at the beginning and end of the word 'BELALP'.
They were printed by G Cuenod of Vevey in sheets of 35. Examples of these stamps are also known in red and green and these are either reprints or posthumous proofs made by Cuenod.
In 1877 Klingele issue another 5 rappen stamp in a similar design. This time there was a star before and after the place name incription. In july 1877, the colour of the stamp was changed to red-brown.
In 1880 another 5 rappen stamp was issued with a similar basic design but with an entirely oval framework.
These stamps remained in use until 1883 when the Swiss post office took over the hotel's mail service.
All the genuine Belalp stamps are imperforate but perforated forgeries exist.
The first stam, a 2 kopeck red, had a numeral design. In 1893 another 2 kopeck stamp was issued in blue. The design on this stamp showed a running fox, taken from the city arms.
Between 1895 and 1908, 12 more stamps were issued, all in 1, 2 or 5 kopeck values. All of these values showed the running fox in the centre of the design.
The guide was first published in London in 1864. There were two further editions published.
He was also Secretary of the Order of the Garter and Garter Principle King at Arms, concerned with the maintence of British ceremonial tradition.
A fee of ½ penny was charged for delivery within the London area. The system was introduced by Charles Povey and was surpressed after a few mounths as it infringed on the postmaster general's monopoly. The tradition of bell ringing was maintained however, and bellmen collected letters in London and provincial towns until 1846.
The perforating machine consisted of two sets of wheels placed one above the other. One wheel had flat ended pins or small blade protuding from it and the other had holes to match the pins or blades. When the paper was passed between the rolers, which were at first operated by foot pedal, (later by electricity), it was perforated by the pins. (In the case of the blades the paper was rouletted). The number of rows which could be perforated at one time was controlled by the amount of wheels fitted to the machine. A system of spacers were also used to set the distance between the lines of perforation, which had to be adjusted when changing from horizontal to verticial perforations. At certain times two machines were in use, one being set to each size.
The Bemrose system was imported in 1865 by Toppan, Carpenter & Co of Philadelphia, (United States), and was used on American stamp issues from that date.
In the 1890s the machine was modified to perforate three sides of the stamp at a time. This dispenced with the need to reset the spacers to perforate the sheet in the other direction.
An Italian post office was opened here on the 15 March 1901 to handle the considerable mail and commercial correspondence from the city's large Italian community. At first ordinary Italian stamp were used and examples with the Benghazi postmark of March to July 1901 are rare.
This was replaced with the contempory Italian 25c definitive in blue which was overprinted 'BENGASI' and surcharged 1 piastre, (i Turkisk currency). This stamp remained in use until December 1911 when it was superseded by the same denomination from the 1908 series. This stamp was overprinted in a similar manner.
As a result of the Italo-Turkisk war, (1911 - 1912), Libya was ceded to Italy. The stamps of Benghazi were superseded in December 1912 by Italian stamps which were overprinted 'LIBIA'.
George Kirke Jeffryes, (who lived in Bow, London), began forging overprints in about 1883, when he was aged 15. He applied bogus surcharges to Columbia issues. He made a 2 centavos value with the surcharge 'DOS Y MEDIO', and soon became known by that nickname in the stamp trade.
Alfred Benjamin, (who was originally in buisness with another dealer of extreamly dubious reputation), teamed up with Hippolite Sarpy in 1888. Trading as Benjamin & Sarpy from 1 Cullum Street in east London, the pair made no secret of their outragous forging activities. Their trade card read.'BENJAMIN & SARPY - dealers in all kinds of facsimilies, faked surcharges and postal fiscals - 1 Cullum Street, London EC. - Fakes of all descriptions supplied on the shortest notice'.
Jeffryes, the trios engraver, steadily improved te qualityof his forgeries. His most successful effort, the New South Wales 'Sydney View' 1d, sold so well that Benjamin named his own house Sydney View Villa.
The London gang caused so much havoc that members of the legitimate stamp trade informed the police of their activities. The Police arrested the trio and they were charged with forging foreign stamps and conspiracy. The gang were tried at the Central Criminal Court between the 11 and the 14 March 1892. Benjamin and Sarpy each recieved a sentance of 6 months hard labour and Jeffryes four months hard labour.
On their release Benjamin and Sarpy started trading again from their shop in Cullum Street. This time however the confined their activities to genuine stamps.
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